No. A house cannot fail a home inspection.
This is a common misconception. A home can only fail a city code inspection (if your area has building codes) when your home was first built or when any changes are made to the home that require a building permit to be issued to the licensed contractor that is doing the work. This ensures the work is done correctly by licensed professionals.
On the contrary, a professional home inspection is for your benefit. You can use the information to negotiate repairs with the seller, budget for repairs, or you can ignore it all and chuck the report in the trash. It’s all up to you.